Urology is the branch of medicine that deals with diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the urinary tract in men and women, as well as the study of the male reproductive system. This includes diseases of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra in both sexes and the prostate, testicles and surrounding structures in men. Several of the conditions that urologists treat include urinary tract infections; kidney stones; kidney, bladder, prostate and testicular cancer; male infertility, involuntary urine loss; and erective dysfunction.

Fellowship-trained sub-specialists in urology include male infertility, female urology and pelvic reconstructive surgery, pediatric urology, laparoscopy, stone surgery, and robotic surgery. Robotic prostatic surgery is the state-of-the-art treatment for new diagnosed organ-confined prostatic carcinoma. It's also used for kidney reconstructive surgery. It allows the surgeon to remove the prostate using minimally invasive techniques with shortened hospital stays, negligible blood loss and rapid return to full activity levels.